ドイツの幼稚園（Kindergarten） の基盤は、遊びを通じた学び にあり、創造性、探求心、社会的成長を重視し、学力中心の教育ではなく自由な遊びを重視しているようです。遊びを通じた学び。ドイツの幼稚園では、子どもは遊びを通して最もよく学ぶ という考えに基づき、問題解決能力、自立心、創造力を育てる。教師（Erzieher）はサポート役であり、厳格な指導をせず、子どもたちが自然に学べる環境を提供させているようです。社会性と感情の発達。大きな目的の一つは、社会性と感情知能の育成 です。年齢の異なる子どもたちとの遊びを通して、コミュニケーション能力や協調性、問題解決能力を学び、人間関係やチームワークの基礎を築きます。自然を活用した教育。特に 森の幼稚園（Waldkindergarten） では、屋外活動を重視し、日常的に自然と触れ合うことで、健康の向上、環境意識、観察力を養います。
総じて、ドイツの幼稚園は 子ども主体の遊び中心のアプローチ を採用し、学力ではなく好奇心や自立心、レジリエンスを育てることに重点を置き、将来の学びへの強固な基盤を築くことを大切にされているようです

The UK’s early childhood education system is characterized by early learning, a structured national curriculum (EYFS), and flexible childcare support.Early Start in Education.The UK places strong emphasis on early education, with compulsory schooling beginning at age five and most children attending Early Years Foundation Stage (EYFS) programs from ages three to four. This ensures a balance between play-based learning and foundational academic skills.The EYFS Framework.
EYFS provides a nationwide curriculum for children aged 0-5, focusing on seven key learning areas, including language, mathematics, arts, and social development. Regular assessments track each child’s progress, ensuring personalized support for growth.Flexible Childcare and Government Support.The government offers up to 30 hours of free childcare for three- and four-year-olds, helping working parents balance careers and childcare. The UK has a diverse range of childcare providers, including public nurseries, private preschools, and charity-based centers, ensuring accessibility for all families.Emphasis on STEAM and Digital Literacy.The UK integrates STEAM education (Science, Technology, Engineering, Arts, and Mathematics) from an early age, encouraging creativity and critical thinking. ICT (Information and Communication Technology) tools, such as tablets and coding programs, are also widely introduced.Strict Quality Control.All early education institutions are inspected and regulated by Ofsted (Office for Standards in Education) to maintain high educational standards. Given the UK’s multicultural society, additional support is provided for English as an Additional Language (EAL) learners.

With a structured yet flexible approach, strong government support, and a focus on innovation, the UK’s early childhood education system ensures comprehensive development for all children.

In Russia, early childhood education is provided through kindergartens (detsky sad), which accept children from as young as two months up to seven years old. Most children start at three years old, though some enroll earlier after parental leave ends. Kindergartens operate long hours, typically from 7 AM to 7 PM, and offer three meals a day, supporting working parents.

The curriculum is designed to be flexible, catering to children’s developmental stages and individual needs. Notably, children can enter first grade at either six or seven years old, depending on their readiness. Patriotism is a key focus, with programs emphasizing cultural heritage, national values, and historical preservation.

Russia also supports families through the Maternity Capital program, introduced in 2007, which provides financial assistance for education and housing expenses for families with two or more children. Since 2020, even firstborn children qualify for this support.

Overall, Russian early childhood education prioritizes a blend of academic readiness, cultural identity, and family support, ensuring a well-rounded development for young children.