Cardiff, the capital of Wales, implements early childhood education under the “Foundation Phase” framework ([Reference 1]), a distinctive Welsh curriculum for children aged three to seven. The Foundation Phase emphasizes experiential learning, play-based exploration, and developing children’s independence and creativity.
Children aged three and four are entitled to a minimum of 10 hours of free early education weekly through the Welsh Government’s Early Education Offer ([Reference 2]). Additionally, the “Childcare Offer for Wales” provides up to 30 hours of free early education and childcare for eligible working families ([Reference 3]).
In Cardiff, bilingual education is strongly promoted; Welsh-medium preschools (Meithrin) and English-medium settings coexist, supporting children to develop bilingual fluency. Cultural identity, outdoor learning, and inclusive practices are central themes across all early years settings.
As a kindergarten director, I find Cardiff’s model inspiring: a holistic, bilingual, and culture-rich approach that respects children’s individuality and nurtures their curiosity—elements that are increasingly vital in today’s global and interconnected world.

References:

• [1] Welsh Government: Foundation Phase Framework

• [2] Cardiff Council: Early Education Offer for 3-4 Year Olds

• [3] Welsh Government: Childcare Offer for Wales